Quantum
Systems using quantum substrates
Systems using Quantum
Boson sampler
sampling from the permanent of a unitary matrix (classically #P-hard)
Identical single photons enter an m-mode linear optical network (beam splitters and phase shifters implementing a unitary U). Detectors at the outputs sample from a distribution whose probabilities ar...
Gate-based quantum computer
unitary quantum computation / quantum algorithms (Shor factoring, Grover search, VQE)
A register of qubits — typically superconducting transmons cooled to ~10 mK — whose state is manipulated by sequences of microwave pulses implementing one- and two-qubit unitary gates. Any computation...
Google Sycamore
quantum supremacy via random circuit sampling
A 53-qubit superconducting transmon processor built by Google AI Quantum that executed a random quantum circuit sampling task in 2019 to demonstrate quantum supremacy, providing empirical evidence of ...
IBM Condor
Unconventional / Quantum
Planned ~1000-qubit superconducting processor from the IBM Quantum roadmap, extending its gate-based quantum systems.
IBM Eagle
fault-tolerant superconducting qubit arrays
IBM Eagle superconducting quantum processor (127 transmon qubits) supports gate-based quantum circuits research and Qiskit experimentation toward fault-tolerant architectures.
IBM Osprey (433-qubit gate-based quantum computer)
unitary quantum computation / quantum algorithms (Shor factoring, Grover search, VQE)
IBM's Osprey is a 433-qubit superconducting heavy-hexagon processor in IBM Quantum System Two, engineered for Qiskit access and Qiskit Runtime workflows to run unitary circuits across hundreds of qubi...
IonQ
gate-based quantum circuits orchestrated with trapped ions and photonic links
Trapped ion quantum computer hosted in vacuum chambers with photonic interconnects for modular entanglement, delivered over the cloud via IonQ Harmony and Aria.
Quantum and quantum-inspired annealers
Ising model energy minimization / QUBO optimization
Quantum and quantum-inspired systems for solving combinatorial optimization problems through annealing processes. Includes true quantum annealers (D-Wave) using superconducting qubits and quantum-insp...
Quantum gate computer (superconducting qubits)
unitary transformations / quantum algorithms
Superconducting qubits manipulated by microwave pulses to perform unitary operations. Quantum gates like Hadamard, CNOT, and phase gates enable quantum algorithms such as Shor's factoring and Grover's...